An Intrauterine Contraceptive Device (IUCD) is a small, T-shaped device inserted into the uterus to prevent pregnancy. These are highly effective as long-lasting contraception. There are two main types:
- Copper IUCD: Releases copper to prevent sperm from fertilising eggs. Lasts up to 5-10 years.
- Hormonal IUCD (IUS): Releases progestin to thicken cervical mucus and thin the uterine lining. Lasts up to 3-8 years.
How It works
- Copper IUCD: Copper ions immobilize sperm and prevent fertilization.
- Hormonal IUCD: Progestin thickens cervical mucus (blocking sperm) and thins the uterine lining.
Insertion process
- Timing: Often inserted during first few days of menstruation (when the cervix is softer and you are not pregnant).
- Procedure:
- A healthcare provider gently inserts the IUCD through the cervix into the uterus.
- Takes 5–10 minutes; may cause brief cramping.
- Aftercare:
- Mild cramping/spotting for a few days.
- Check strings monthly to ensure it’s in place and check by your doctor in 6-12 weeks.
Possible side effects
- Common:
- Cramping or backache (first few days).
- Irregular bleeding (especially with hormonal IUCD in the first 3–6 months).
- Heavier periods (copper IUCD) or lighter/no periods (hormonal IUCD).
- Rare: Expulsion (device comes out), infection, or uterine perforation.
eGynaecologist Advice
- Please contact your gynaecologist if you develop pelvic pain or fever and if you notice unusual vaginal discharge or don’t feel the strings after IUCD insertion.
- If you miss a period (previously regular periods) on hormonal IUCD, you must consult gynaecologist to rule out ectopic pregnancy, as this may require immediate care.
Frequently Asked Questions
Does insertion hurt?
Discomfort varies; painkillers can help. Many describe it as strong period cramps.
Can I use an IUCD if I’ve never had children?
Yes! IUCDs are safe for most people, including those without children.
What if I want to get pregnant?
Simply schedule removal—fertility typically returns within weeks.
Can the IUCD move or get lost?
Rarely. Check strings monthly and attend follow-ups.
Is emergency IUCD insertion possible?
Yes! A copper IUCD can be inserted up to 5 days after unprotected sex.
